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The Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program, established by the Clean Water Act, has frequently been used to develop management plans intended to achieve temperature criteria and protect cold water fisheries. Most of these analyses, however, have been conducted using assumptions of a stationary climate under which historical data on flow and temperature can be assumed to be an adequate guide to future conditions.

Developed by the National Weather Service, the SLOSH model estimates storm surge heights resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes by taking into account the atmospheric pressure, size, forward speed, and track data. These parameters are used to create a model of the wind field which drives the storm surge. The model consists of a set of equations derived from the Newtonian equations of motion (shallow water equations) and the continuity equation applied to a rotating fluid with a free surface.

SLOSH—which stands for Sea Lake and Overland Surge from Hurricanes—is a computerized numerical model developed by the National Weather Service to estimate storm surge heights. This tool displays the results of the SLOSH model to help emergency managers plan for evacuations, view the latest National Hurricane Center real-time runs, and educate decision makers.

The Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF) is an approach for applying concepts of precision conservation to watershed planning in agricultural landscapes. To enable application of the framework, the U.S.

This online app includes information from federal agencies such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as well as that from non-government organizations, supporting functions such as policy analysis, planning, course-of-action comparison, incident management, and training.

This website includes estimates of extreme rainfall for various durations (from 5 minutes to 10 days) and recurrence intervals (1 year to 500 years) for New York and New England. These data are interpolated to a 30-second grid. Confidence intervals for these values are also included, as are the partial duration rainfall series used in their computation. Regional extreme rainfall maps and graphic products are also available.

Numerous studies have documented significant increases in both the frequency and magnitude of extreme precipitation in the northeastern U.S. since the mid- to late-20th century. The most recent assessment from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggests that the frequency and magnitude of extreme precipitation in this region will likely continue to increase throughout the 21st century.

Green-Gray Analysis (GGA) is a cost-benefit analysis method that compares the present value of costs and benefits of two or more water management options involving natural “green” infrastructure and conventional “gray” infrastructure. It can be scenario-driven and coupled with sensitivity analysis for robust results.

The RiverWare Study Manager and Research Tools (RiverSMART) is a software framework to facilitate the creation, execution, and archiving of RiverWare planning studies that compares the results of several scenarios representing differing hydrologic ensembles, demands, and strategies, such as operating policies and infrastructure alternatives. It manages the execution of the simulations to multiple processors, and keeps track of the output files for analysis.